denotation.
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: the means by which animals
communicate
: a systematic means of communicating ideas or feelings by the use of conventionalized signs, sounds, gestures, or marks having understood meanings
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etymology.
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late 13c., langage; “words, what is said, conversation”
Old French, langage; “speech, words, oratory; a tribe, people, nation”
Vulgar Latin, *linguaticum
Latin, lingua; “tongue”
Old Latin *dingua ~
PIE *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s.
PIE root, *dnghu- “tongue.”

del castellano antiguo, idioma
latín, idioma; “idiom style of language”
del griego antiguo, ἰδίωμα; “peculiarity of style”
raíz, ἴδιος (idios); “private, separate, distinct”
raíz adicional, ἕ (hé)
desde Proto-Hellenic, *hwe
desde PIE, *swé; “self” (reflexive pronoun)


~“from The change of d- to l- is variously explained by a borrowing from another Italic language with such a shift and/or by a folk-etymological association with the verb lingō (“lick”).”
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